There are thirteen medical schools in Taiwan, which educates about 1,300 medical graduates every year. Residency training begins after seven years of medical education and one year of post-graduate training. Ophthalmic residents are required to undergo a four-year training at an accredited educational hospital. Currently, a total of 30 hospitals can provide residency training and an average of 34 residents are trained annually.

The training of sub-special fellowship is divided into all areas of ophthalmic specialties: glaucoma, refraction, cornea, retina, uveitis, pediatric ophthalmology, neuro-ophthalmology, orbit and oculoplastic surgery.

Continued medical education for ophthalmologists requires at least 200 hours of course lectures covering all areas of clinical diagnosis, new advances in disease management, and innovations in research.

Approximately 1768 ophthalmologists nationwide provide comprehensive eye care to general population of 23 million. Each year, there are around 110,000-120,000 cataract surgeries, 700-900 corneal transplants, and 1500 retinal detachment surgeries. The overall ophthalmic reimbursement accounted for approximately 2.9% of the National Health Insurance.

Outstanding accomplishment in academic research produced a lot of publications. Between 2005 and 2015, more than 2225 papers have been published, of which, over 1312 have been published in SCI journal. There are also many textbook publications in the recent decade.

The society is committed to actively participate in promoting the general eye care and to enhance academic research in ophthalmology. A crucial undertaking as part of the society's short-term objectives included community service for the underprivileged -which has been staged in rural communities across the nation since 2004. Recently the Society is promoting the legislation of the Vision Care Law and supervising the legislation of Optometrist Law.

The society's long-term objective lies in promoting preventive medicine and advancing basic and clinical research, such as vision care for the elder and management for the complications of diabetes and high myopia. In addition to establishing a nationwide registry of ophthalmic diseases in Taiwan, the society also formulates practice guidelines for ophthalmologists to follow, so as to comply with the regulations of National Health Insurance.